This was confirmed in one MS mouse model, which showed that DMF-mediated protection against acute inflammatory autoimmune encephalomyelitis was observed in both NRF2-proficient and NRF2-deficient animals (Schulze-Topphoff et al., 2016) and likewise, SFN has been demonstrated to have hundreds of molecular targets next to KEAP1 ( in vivo activity (Zhuang et al., 2017), potentially because they are highly polar and hardly able to penetrate the BBB
[DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 265.Kelsen S.G., Agache I.O., Soong W
Scholte HR, Rodrigues Pereira R, de Jonge PC, Luyt-Houwen IE, Hedwig M, Verduin M, Ross JD: Primary carnitine deficiency
doi:10.1002/jnr.490200413 6
In the absence of sufficient neurotrophic support, RGCs become more vulnerable to apoptotic signals triggered by excitotoxicity, amplifying neuronal damage and contributing to the progressive vision loss characteristic of glaucoma (111)
However, our body requires around 15mg/day from both food sources and internal creation (National Institutes of Health, 2023)